Characteristics and Application Scenarios of CNC Machining Brass and Copper Parts

In modern manufacturing, CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machining technology is widely used in the processing of parts from various materials due to its high precision and efficiency. As two important non-ferrous metal materials, brass and copper have extensive applications in the field of CNC machining because of their unique physical and chemical properties. This article will detail the characteristics of CNC machining brass and copper parts, as well as their application scenarios, aiming to provide references for relevant professionals.

 I. Characteristics of CNC Machining Brass Parts

Brass, an alloy composed of copper and zinc, features a golden color, excellent workability, and corrosion resistance. When machining brass parts via CNC, the following main characteristics emerge:

1. Good Machinability: Brass has moderate hardness, making it less prone to generating built-up edges during cutting. This results in minimal tool wear, high machining efficiency, and good surface quality.

2. Superior Ductility: Brass is easily shaped during processing, suitable for manufacturing parts with complex shapes and structures, such as threads, gears, etc.

3. Excellent Corrosion Resistance: Brass is not easily rusted in general environments and can effectively resist corrosion from most acids, alkalis, and salts, extending the service life of parts.

4. Good Electrical and Thermal Conductivity: Brass exhibits excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, making it suitable for manufacturing electrical connectors, radiators, and other components.

5. Cost-Effectiveness: Compared with other metal materials, brass has a relatively low price, and its processing costs are controllable, making it suitable for mass production.

Ⅱ. Characteristics of CNC Machining Copper Parts

Pure copper, also known as red copper, is a metal with high electrical and thermal conductivity. When processing copper parts via CNC, its main characteristics are as follows:

1. Extremely High Electrical and Thermal Conductivity 

Pure copper is an excellent conductor of electricity and heat, making it suitable for manufacturing components requiring efficient current or heat transmission, such as wires, cables, and heat exchangers.

2. Excellent Ductility and Malleability

Copper has superior ductility and malleability, allowing it to be easily formed into various complex shapes through CNC machining. This makes it ideal for manufacturing precision parts.

3. Strong Corrosion Resistance

Although pure copper may oxidize and discolor in certain specific environments, its overall corrosion resistance is better than most common metals, especially in dry environments.

4. Good Acoustic Performance

Copper has excellent sound-conducting properties, often used in the production of musical instrument components, audio equipment, and other acoustic-related applications.

5. Relatively High Cost 

Due to the relatively scarce resources of pure copper and the tendency to oxidize during processing—which increases machining difficulty and costs—it is typically used in scenarios with special performance requirements.

 III. Application Scenarios of CNC Machining Brass and Copper Parts

1. Electrical and Electronics Industry

 Brass and copper are widely used in the production of electronic components such as electrical connectors, terminals, sockets, and relays due to their excellent electrical conductivity, ensuring stable current transmission.

2. Automotive Parts 

 Brass: Thanks to its corrosion resistance, high strength, and good workability, brass is commonly used to manufacture automotive radiators, water pipe connectors, valves, and other components.

 Copper: Due to its superior thermal conductivity, copper is applied in engine cooling system components.

3. Architectural Decoration

Brass is frequently used to make door handles, faucets, lamps, and other decorative items due to its bright golden appearance and corrosion resistance, enhancing the aesthetic appeal and practicality of buildings.

4. Medical Devices

Copper’s natural antibacterial properties make it suitable for manufacturing contact surfaces of some medical devices, reducing the risk of infection.